1	Plagiarism – Protect Yourself! Library Information Literacy Workshop February-March 2005
2	Today we will cover the following issues Plagiarism Definition Why is plagiarism a big deal? What are the consequences? Protection How to cite sources
3	"Plagiarism" Plagiarism
4	Plagiarism - Definition What is plagiarism? It’s a form of cheating “pla.gia.rize: from Latin plagiarius, literally, kidnapper, from plagium netting of game, kidnapping, from plaga net (Merriam-Webster Dictionary of Law) To use and pass off (the ideas or writings of another) as one’s own. To appropriate for use as one’s own passages or ideas from (another).” (The American Heritage®Dictionary) Plagiarism may include improper use of words, images, or sound created by someone else.
5	Why is Plagiarism a Big Deal? It is dishonest to use someone else’s work without giving credit It shows disrespect for your peers and professors The student who plagiarizes has an unfair advantage over students who do not plagiarize It violates university policies and may result in severe consequences
6	Distinguishing between the different types of plagiarism Intentional copying from someone else’s work passing off a portion of or an entire work as one’s own This includes web pages, newspaper or magazine articles, essays, other research papers, books, etc. Unintentional failing to document one’s sources appropriately They both add up to the same thing = Plagiarism
7	Distinguishing between the different types of plagiarism – cont. Copying the written word without documentation Repeating something one heard without documentation It all adds up to the same thing = Plagiarism
8	Plagiarism - Consequences Most colleges and universities have policies and rules concerning plagiarism Some examples of consequences of plagiarizing are:
9	Citations
10	Why to Cite Sources It is important to give credit to others for their work. It is also useful for other researchers to know where we found the information so that they can use it. Leave a paper trail. When we cite we have to include specific information for the source, such as author, editor, title, publisher, date, page number and web site. It is considered plagiarizing if we do not cite correctly.
11	Now .. How To Protect Yourself Citations Definition: A citation includes information such as author, title, pagination, and dates which identify an item - book, journal article, or other type of source. A good citation contains sufficient information to locate the original item. (Glossary of Library Terms) What needs to be cited? Quotations or paraphrasing from Books, Encyclopedias, Articles in periodicals (journals, newspapers, magazines), Internet and Web Sources, Electronic Databases, Interviews
12	Does This Need To Be Cited? Should you document your source when you directly quote what an author has said? Should you document your source when you paraphrase what the author said (that is, when you put the author’s ideas into your own words)? Columbus sighted America in 1492. The per capita national debt has grown from $61.06 in 1870 to more than $9,600. Yes. You’re clearly using someone else’s words. Yes. You may not be using someone else’s words, but you are using his or her ideas. No. This fact is commonly known. Yes. Specific statistics, not generally known, require documentation.
13	How much can you get away with? While there is no universal agreement, a general rule is: using more than two consecutive words from another source, without citation, constitutes plagiarism Repeating an idea you read or heard without attribution constitutes plagiarism
14	Different styles The two most commonly used style manuals are APA and MLA. There are many differences between the two styles. Ask your instructors which style they want you to use. If they have no preference, you can use any or follow these guidelines: APA: psychology, education, and other social sciences. MLA: literature, arts, and humanities. AMA: medicine, health, and biological sciences. Turabian: designed for college students to use with all subjects. Chicago: used with all subjects in the "real world" by books, magazines, newspapers, and other non-scholarly publications. (Delaney)
15	Citing (general) Three main divisions: Author’s name, Title of the Book, Publication Information. Who wrote it? What’s it called? How did it get here? Parenthetical citations appear within the body of your research paper. In most cases, the parenthetical citations include the author's last name and the specific page number for the information cited. They are used to document any external sources used within a document … [and they] direct readers to the full bibliographic citations listed in the Works Cited, located at the end of the document. (MLA Parenthetical Documentation)
16	Citing Books Author: Reverse the author’s name (surname first) for alphabetizing purposes. Title: State the full title of the book, including any subtitle. Publication Information: Give the city of publication, publisher’s name, and year of publication.
17	Cover and Copyright Page
18	Book Citation Rutherford, Scott. The American Roller Coaster. Osceola: MBI Publishing Co., 2000. Parenthetical Citation (Rutherford 13-15)
19	Citing Articles in Periodicals Citing articles and other publications in periodicals (magazines, journals, newspapers) Three main divisions: Author’s name. Title of the article. Publication information. There are slight differences among journal, magazine, and newspaper citations
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23	Citing Articles in Journals Author: Reverse the author’s name (surname first) for alphabetizing. Title: State the full title of the article, enclosed in quotation marks. Journal title: Give the journal title (underlined), the volume number, the year of publication (in parentheses), a colon, the inclusive page numbers, and a period.
24	Journal Article Mechanical Engineering-CIME, August 1995 v117 n8 p70(9) Designing the ultimate thrill machine. Michael Valenti. Roller coasters have come a long way from their steel-track and wood-frame beginnings more than a century ago. With today's computerized design techniques, electronic controls, and modern materials, engineers are creating more daring - yet much safer - rides. It's a familiar scene at every amusement park: People standing patiently in line, sometimes for more than an hour, filled with an odd mixture of trepidation and excitement, inching closer to the moment of truth. Then, after being strapped into their seats and subjected to a fist-clenching, head-spinning, stomach-churning ride, they step off, some exhilarated, others visibly shaken, only to get back in line and do it all over again.
25	Journal Citation Valenti, Michael. "Designing the Ultimate Thrill Machine." Mechanical Engineering - CME 117.8 (1995): 70-78. Parenthetical within text (Valenti 70-78)
26	Citing Articles in Magazines Author: Reverse the author’s name (surname first) for alphabetizing. Title: State the full title of the article, enclosed in quotation marks. Magazine title: Give the magazine title (underlined), the day/month/year, a colon, the inclusive page numbers, and a period.
27	Magazine Article Popular Science, Dec 1, 2003 v263 i6 p56 Top Thrill Dragster: The world's tallest and fastest roller coaster serves up pure Adrenaline. Mark Anders; Bryna Bates. Byline: Mark Anders, Bryna Bates, Dan Carney, David Carnoy, Dan Ferber, Brian Fortner, Harald Franzen, Ben Hewitt, Irene Mona Klotz, Dan Lienert, David Logan, Gary Merson, Steve Morgenstern, Rena Pacella, John R. Quain, Michael Stroh, Elizabeth Svoboda, Bill Sweetman, Charles Wardell, Stephan Wilkinson Edited by Scott Alexander & Suzanne Kantra Kirschner Though its cars are made to look like roaring dragsters, the newest roller coaster at Cedar Point Amusement Park in Sandusky, Ohio, feels more like a space launch than a drag race. The $25 million steel coaster is the world's tallest and fastest, reaching speeds of 120 mph within 4 seconds. A hydraulic acceleration system, only the second to appear in a coaster, catapults riders to nearly 420 feet and propels cars as fast on the way up as on the way down. In all, it only takes about 30 seconds to run the 2,800-foot-long track-but we guarantee you'll feel like you've been somewhere.
28	Magazine Citation Anders, Mark , and Bryna Bates. "Top Thrill Dragster: The World's Tallest and Fastest Roller Coaster Serves Up Pure Adrenaline." Popular Science 1 Dec. 2003: 56. Parenthetical citation (Anders et al. 56)
29	Citing Articles in Newspapers Author: Reverse the author’s name (surname first) for alphabetizing. Title: State the full title of the article, enclosed in quotation marks. Newspaper Title: Give the newspaper title (underlined), day, month, year, edition, section, and page number.
30	Newspaper
31	Newspaper Citation Cardwell, Diane. "Still Thrilling After All These Years: For 2 Friends at Cyclone, a Long and Wild Ride Goes On ." New York Times 1 Apr 2003, Late, Final ed.: Metro 1. Parenthetical Citation (Cardwell Metro 1)
32	Works Cited Page Anders, Mark , and Bryna Bates. "Top Thrill Dragster: The World's Tallest and Fastest Roller Coaster Serves Up Pure Adrenaline." Popular Science 1 Dec. 2003: 56. Cardwell, Diane. "Still Thrilling After All These Years: For 2 Friends at Cyclone, a Long and Wild Ride Goes On ." New York Times 1 Apr 2003, Late, Final ed.: Metro 1. Rutherford, Scott. The American Roller Coaster. Osceola: MBI Publishing Co., 2000. Valenti, Michael. "Designing the Ultimate Thrill Machine." Mechanical Engineering - CME 117.8 (1995): 70-78.
33	Appendix. Some Differences Between Citation Styles APA and MLA “The two most commonly used style manuals are APA and MLA. There are many differences between the two styles. Some of the differences are shown in the table on the next slide.” (Library Tutorial - Citing Sources - Comparison of APA and MLA Styles, screen 1)
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35	MLA & APA Works Cited Examples Please Refer to Handouts A & B Example of a works cited page using the Modern Language Association of America (MLA) format. (Refer to Handout A) Example of a works cited page using the American Psychological Association (APA) format. (Refer to Handout B) Examples of web links for MLA & APA http://owl.english.purdue.edu/handouts/research/r_mla.html http://www.lib.duke.edu/libguide/within.htm http://writing.colostate.edu/demos/apa_reference/page9.cfm
36	Useful Links Plagiarism Avoiding Plagiarism Bruin Success With Less Stress (UCLA) Citations Citation Styles for Research Papers Citing References in Your Paper Landmarks Citation Machine MLA Style – Frequently Asked Questions
37	Bibliography The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition, 2000. Clark, Beverly Lyon. "Plagiarism and Documentation: A Self-Instructional Lesson." Teaching the Research Paper: From Theory to Practice, From Research to Writing. Ed. James E. Ford. Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow Press, 1995. 286-298. Delaney, Robert. "APA, MLA, Turabian, and Chicago Citation Styles." B. Davis Schwartz Memorial Library of the C.W. Post Campus. B. Davis Schwartz Memorial Library. 15 Nov 2004 <http://www.liu.edu/cwis/cwp/library/workshop/citation.htm>. Gibaldi, Joseph. MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers. 5^th ed. New York: The Modern Language Association of America, 1999. "Glossary of Library Terms." 9 Feb 2004. University of Connecticut Libraries. 29 Oct 2004 <http://www.lib.uconn.edu/using/tutorials/instruction/glossary.htm>. Library Tutorial Citing Sources Comparison of APA and MLA Styles . 8 July 2004 <http://lib.radford.edu/Tutorial/VII/comp.asp>.
38	Bibliography (cont’d) "MLA Parenthetical Documentation." 16 Mar 2004. LEO: Literacy Education Online. St. Cloud State University. 29 Oct 2004 <http://leo.stcloudstate.edu/research/mlaparen.html>. Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association . 5^th ed. Washington, DC: American Psyhological Association, 2001. "Straight Talk About Plagiarism." The Bedford/St. Martin's Workshop on Plagiarism. Bedford/St. Martin's. 29 Oct 2004 <http://bcs.bedfordstmartins.com/plagiarism/content/cat_460/pdf/StraightTalk-color.pdf>.